Sneak Peak at IRS Report - Who Are They Going After Next?

We’ve discovered a new report by the IRS, due to come out December 2008. You might remember 2 years ago when we broke the story about the IRS gearing up to audit real estate professional status. I kick myself for not sounding the alarm louder at the time. I never thought we’d end up with an Acting Chief of the IRS who used to be head of Collections. And, that it would happen at a time of a housing value meltdown. So, what are they coming after next? Read on. You may need to make some changes very quickly to avoid the next wave of the storm from the IRS.
The IRS has just completed an extensive study of the tax returns of the American population. There are two systems, not by design. One system effectively taxes people with wages, while the other system is a sieve of untaxed income for investors and business owners. The data show that 99% of wages people report on their income tax returns matches what employers list in verification reports. In contrast, the share of actual income from capital gains and business, which is not independently verified, is much less. Only about half of Schedule C profits show up on tax returns.
Congress tasks the IRS to treat Americans who work for wages, claim deductions for spouses and children, collect interest and dividends, and withdraw from pension and retirement savings accounts differently. It’s as if Congress does not trust this vast majority of citizens to report their incomes honestly and demands verification by employers, banks, brokerages, and mutual funds. Congress also requires Social Security numbers for all dependents. That’s the system most of us are familiar with.
Business owners and investors are another story. Congress trusts them to fully and accurately report their revenues, their profits, and their capital gains and not to charge personal expenses as tax-deductible expenses. For these favored citizens, there is no independent reporting, except for capital gains, in which only the amount realized at sale is reported and the individual is trusted to accurately report basis. In fact, audits have reduced for this segment.
My prediction is that we will see a HUGE jump in the number of Schedule C (Sole Proprietorship and LLC - default taxation) audits. These are easier for the auditors to audit as they don’t have to understand accounting like they do if they are auditing corporate or partnership returns.
And if they’re right that income is understated by half, they’ll come down on this segment just like they are doing with the real estate professionals now. Get ready! Incorporate today! Or better yet, form an LLC and elect S or C. We’ve got a couple of discussions going on about that at the First Class Lounge right now.
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Are you saying all LLC’s should elect S or C? I have two LLC’s for my rental properties in two different states.
Mark Nelson
www.financialhat.com
Ah! Good clarifying question Mark.
This report appears to be focussing on Sole Proprietorships, which means businesses. Rental properties report on Schedule E, and so they wouldn’t fall under this. Sole Props or LLCs with single member, default taxation, report on Schedule C.
The other point they made was about capital gains. To be honest, I’ve wondered about that as well. I’ve been in business with thousands and thousands of clients for over 20 years. I can only remember ONE audit, done by the state of Hawaii, that looked at basis on a property sale. I don’t remember the IRS ever looking at basis. I always make sure my clients have worksheets on the sale, in case it is questioned. But, I wonder how many people have gotten sloppy in that.
Something else I’ve been seeing recently is an increase in the offshore trust discussions (or denunciations, as you prefer). Congress is making noises about taking an even harder line against set-ups that involve an offshore trust.
As I’m learning more about offshore trusts I’m coming to the realization that there are two kinds. One that protects your assets, and one that reduces your U.S. taxes. But my guess is, Congress won’t make a distinction. So it could become harder for Americans to set up offshore.
Coming back to the original subject, the last estimates I saw for the “tax gap” have it at over $350 billion. There’s an IRS report available here http://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-news/taxgapreportfinal080207_linked.pdf talking about the issue and steps the IRS is considering to close it. I think the credit card reporting legislation was just the first in a series. The IRS needs to close that gap, and massively increasing reporting requirements is definitely going to feature prominently.
I also thought it was interesting that the IRS made the distinction between the tax gap and the underground economy. That’s a whole other subject, but also one that will see some action.
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Megan Hughes
www.businessfirstformations.com
Last week, my business had its best month ever.
Since the IRS has finite resources, do you think they will be smart enough to move resources from individual audits that tend to be reasonably accurate (lower ROI) to business (schedule C and E) audits? Or would they just grow the IRS more to do both?
My sense is that they will start focussing on Schedule C first and get some big wins. Then, they’ll get an increase in budget.
As an example - they were scheduled for budget cuts. They started the Real Estate Professional (REP) audits as test cases in a few locations late 2007. They won big and didn’t get the scheduled budget cuts. So, they’ve expanded the REP audits. I suspect they’ll go back with some more big wins and get more staff.
So, my best guess is that they’ll do the same thing with Sole Prop audits. I don’t know if they’ll go after Schedule E so much - those would be rentals (which they’re all ready catching somewhat with REP) and flow through (and they won’t want to tackle trying to understand S Corp returns).
I think they might go after Schedule D, so get ready to prove your basis on sales.
Megan, you’ve got a good point on offshore trusts. I did a blog post on 8/4 about the Senate investigation of the Super Rich. Very interesting stuff!